Composed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802

Composed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802
by William Wordsworth

Earth has not anything to show more fair:
Dull would he be of soul who could pass by
A sight so touching in its majesty:
This City now doth, like a garment, wear
The beauty of the morning; silent, bare,
Ships, towers, domes, theatres, and temples lie
Open unto the fields, and to the sky;
All bright and glittering in the smokeless air.
Never did sun more beautifully steep
In his first splendour, valley, rock, or hill;
Ne’er saw I, never felt, a calm so deep!
The river glideth at his own sweet will:
Dear God! the very houses seem asleep;
And all that mighty heart is lying still!

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Shorts Pocket Review: “Ghost Plane” by Joe Meno

Although Joe Meno’s story collection Demons in the Spring is bursting with supernatural elements, “Ghost Plane” is about as unfantastic as it gets. His storytelling is not so much hyperrealist as it is a short, sharp representation, a diorama or a tilt-shift photograph—so real it looks like a fable.

The story’s two characters, stranded in Belize at the tail end of a very unsuccessful vacation, are not particularly nice people. But neither are they evil. Billy and Nicole are just your garden-variety assholes; he’s a bit of a sleaze and an ugly American in mirror shades and a tropical shirt, she’s a spoiled young high-maintenance type. But beyond that, they’re just folks. You’ve known them, or perhaps you’ve been them. And surely you’ve had that bad vacation sensation even with your dearest beloved, when you’ve checked into the room and are lying side by side on the bed, staring at the ceiling, wondering exactly how you’re going to fill the next series of days without the backdrop of normal life that holds everything together.

Billy and Nicole are definitely not dearest beloveds. He picked her up at a party because he liked her breasts, and they made out in a taxicab. But they’re not strangers, either. There’s a relationship here—some time elapsed between the taxicab makeout session and their actually “doing it,” and there have been birthday presents—but Billy’s the one whose point of view we’re getting and he is, as mentioned, kind of a dick. But not the worst kind of dick. Just your garden-variety dick, who’s run out of patience with his weepy undermedicated girlfriend and knows he could be nicer but isn’t.

And there’s the beauty of the story. Meno manages to compact these people and all their messy ambivalence into a few pages, a couple of brief and aggravating episodes, and illuminate them from inside without ever making them pretty. His depth of field is shallow: They miss a plane, they find a dirty hotel room for the night. Billy buys some fireworks. Two of these are duds, but the third—a paper “monkey with a red fez riding an antique-looking bike”—works. It’s the only beautiful, marvelous thing in the story, and obviously the only beautiful, marvelous thing that’s happened to Billy and Nicole during their five days in Belize:

Billy kneeled and lit the fuse, then hurried away, the small monkey exploding with white fire, shooting across the street, disappearing into a small field, jumping from the ground, and vanishing into the night sky. The girl was surprised, for the first time in a long time maybe, and began clapping, her mouth wide open.

A burst of joy ensues, the story ends, and you just know Billy and Nicole will be back at each other’s throats in another 45 minutes. But that is no concern of ours, and what we’re left with is oddly appealing. This isn’t a train wreck we’re given, but a gleaming little model train set, and watching them harmlessly derail is half the fun. As awful as Billy and Nicole are, they’re not tragic. They’ll get home, they’ll survive. When the missed plane pulls away without them, Nicole says, “I’m already on that plane. I’m flying away from here. I’m gone and never looking back at this terrible place or you ever again.”

You get the feeling Nicole is something of a liar, but this is the one and only true lie she tells in the course of the story. She’s not on that ghost plane, not even in her head, and the reader ends up a whole lot better off for it.

Demons in the Spring is rich in artwork, with a different artist commissioned for each story, and Jon Resh’s illustrations here are extra nice. I would have been quite sad without a picture of the little monkey in the fez.

(Illustrations © Jon Resh.)

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September 1, 1939

September 1, 1939
by W.H. Auden

I sit in one of the dives
On Fifty-second Street
Uncertain and afraid
As the clever hopes expire
Of a low dishonest decade:
Waves of anger and fear
Circulate over the bright
And darkened lands of the earth,
Obsessing our private lives;
The unmentionable odour of death
Offends the September night.

Read the whole poem here.

September 1, 1939 was Auden’s reaction to Germany’s invasion of Poland, which touched off World War II. Auden had moved from England to the United States that year, and had just finished off a cross-country trip by bus. Ineligible for military service in either country and suspended between two cultures, his sole power was not as a citizen but as a poet. And it seems like in these strange interstitial days, when I just last night received an email from President Obama himself declaring the end of the American combat mission in Iraq, Auden’s shout in the darkness works as well as ever.

All I have is a voice
To undo the folded lie,
The romantic lie in the brain
Of the sensual man-in-the-street
And the lie of Authority
Whose buildings grope the sky:
There is no such thing as the State
And no one exists alone;
Hunger allows no choice
To the citizen or the police;
We must love one another or die.

(Photograph of Christopher Isherwood (left) and W.H. Auden (right) by Carl Van Vechten, February 6, 1939.)

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New Yorker fiction (Aug 30) – “The Science of Flight”

In this quietly grim story, I found reminders of people I’ve known who resembled its protagonist in being self-effacing and acquiescent individuals.

Over the years she had become accustomed to who she was in other people’s eyes: she knew she would be considered a loser by her Chinese acquaintances in America, a divorced woman toiling her life away in an animal-care facility, someone who had failed to make it … [but who] had been able to build a life out of her failures …

Raised in a harsh and judgmental family across two generations, Zichen becomes one of those folks we all know who work quietly in the background with little life to speak of outside the workplace. ‘A drone’ is often the label unkindly applied. This story offers a carefully prepared look into this oddly sad type of life where appearance counts more than substance, where the interpersonal scaffolding one puts up becomes more important than the actual life it obscures.

The failure of one generation to achieve a healthy place in the world sets the pace for the next to fail in a similar or even more ruinous manner — a tragic achievement as someone comes to maturity believing herself “a baby who should have remained unborn, a child with little merit and an unnerving manner”. My identity, she may be permitted to think, is less than one.

Where do you turn if no one has your back? If there’s no safety net, how far must you fall before finally stopping? I allowed myself to be misled by the title, not realizing until the end of the story that the word did not mean ‘flying’ as much as it meant ‘fleeing’ — the art and craft of being a lifelong cipher.

… she knew that in all stories she must be left out—the life she had made for herself was a life of flight, of discarding the inessential and the essential alike, making use of the stolen pieces and memories, retreating to the lost moments of other people’s lives.

____________________

Yiyun Li is the author of a collection, A Thousand Years of Good Prayers: Stories and a novel, The Vagrants — with a second collection, Gold Boy, Emerald Girl: Stories, to be published in September. She is also a contributing editor at A Public Space, “an independent magazine of art and argument, fact and fiction … to give voice to the twenty-first century.”

(“Framework” from Pyca / cc by-nc)

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A Series of Unfortunate Lists

Ah, the fine art of comparison. Who knew litblogging was such a locker room-worthy activity? Well, OK… everyone.

This year alone we’ve had the New Yorker’s favorite 20 writers under 40, which spawned lists of 20 More Under 40, Over 40 Over 40, 50 Over 50, and 10 Over 80—all of which starts sounding like a lot of really bad blood pressure readings. Recently we also got a rundown of the 15 Most Overrated Contemporary American Writers, which in turn generated lists of the most overrated writers worldwide, and then the inevitable backlash of the most underrated writers in the United States, the U.K. and Canada.

Ordinarily I’d be loathe to enter this fray. But the glaring omission here is keeping me up nights, and we can’t have that. So I submit, for the list-loving public:

A Writer Who Is Getting Exactly the Right Amount of Acclaim Who Is 40.

Congratulations, Daniel Handler! Please contact the Like Fire offices about picking up your prize.

(Photo: Jeff Chiu/Associated Press)

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In The Garden of Knowledge

I’ve heard of getting lost in a good book, but if you find yourself in Quebec you could get lost in a whole garden of them. The Jardin de la Connaissance, or Garden of Knowledge, was built by designers Thilo Folkerts and Rodney Latourelle for Canada’s 11th International Garden Festival. Using some 40,000 reclaimed books, they’ve created walls, paths and benches, and inoculated them with eight varieties of edible mushrooms. Thus as the exposed books decompose, the mushrooms grow, and metaphors for knowledge and transformation abound. According to the artists’ statement:

The book assemblages establish a framework amidst the forest that embodies a variety of experiential activities. The Jardin de la Connaissance becomes a sensual reading room, a library, an information platform, a dynamic realm of knowledge.

Books and fungus—as anyone who’s had to store books in the basement for any length of time knows, they’re quite compatible. The only thing that’s missing is a little enclosed silverfish farm… maybe next year.

(via GalleyCat. All images © Thilo Folkerts.)

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Pocket Review: What the World Will Look Like When All the Water Leaves Us by Laura van den Berg

In Laura van den Berg’s What the World Will Look Like When All the Water Leaves Us (Dzanc Books, 2010), the ratio of unknown to known runs high. Which is to say that absences feature here more prominently than presences: Bigfoot, the African mokele-mbembe, the Loch Ness Monster, mysterious holes in the street that may or may not lead to the other side of the world. People disappear, die under mysterious circumstances, or just up and leave. Each story, in turn, studies the ways negative space can be far more real than the supposedly solid objects surrounding it.

The message that nothing is what it seems is almost hypnotically consistent throughout, but not exactly repetitive, either. More than a collection of short fiction strung together in some kind of elegant order, this is a riff on what can be done within the framework of the medium. A few stories in I was thinking there was something too circumscribed about van den Berg’s writing: the protagonists all a certain type of young woman adrift in life, with similar, controlled voices, and motifs that kept cycling throughout: disappearance, mythical creatures, naturalists, loneliness, exotic locales, men who have either left or are about to leave. But as I read on I realized that the book is a set of variations, in the musical sense—pieces on a theme, or combination of themes. All are carefully written, the language precise and lovely, and each one serves to illuminate the others in subtle ways. It reminded me a bit of what Kazuo Ishiguro was up to in Nocturnes, but in a more composed, feminine key. Van den Berg’s characters are all “people between the acts,” as one of them describes herself, and “acts” is completely appropriate— each story makes up a whole that isn’t so much cohesive as coherent. By the end of the book you understand something that wasn’t forced on you, but that crept in around the edges of your consciousness as you went along.

In the title story (which is actually the final one—the collection is refreshingly not front-loaded) a teenage girl follows her mother to Madagascar, where their difficult relationship is thrown into high relief by the the physical world. Celia yearns for the straightforwardness of long-distance swimming in open water, but her mother wants to pull her along, into the jungle:

I remembered walking behind my mother…. Her telling me about lemurs having symbiotic relationships with tiny birds and the five layers of the rainforest: the overstory, the canopy, the understory, the shrub layer, and the forest floor. She said each part had its own little ecosystem, its own little universe. And weren’t people like that too, she continued, words unto their own.

And aren’t stories like that, as well? Van den Berg’s are, anyway—dense and layered, each self-contained and at the same time integral to the others. And as with a series of musical variations, she keeps deceptively tight control with rhythm. Whenever the themes threaten to settle into predictable familiarity she’ll shake something loose with a bit of language, the resulting vertigo reminding the reader that not everything is what it looks like on the surface.

The phrase “more than a sum of its parts” gets trotted out more than necessary when it comes to short stories. But in this case it’s appropriate; the pieces knit together in a strange and interesting way. I found that the book kept working on me after I’d finished, not so much like a meal digested as—again, I can’t do better than my first impression—a set of musical variations that you half-remember and find yourself humming. What the World Will Look Like When All the Water Leaves Us is a slightly dreamy experience, lulling and at the same time unsettling. Which is to say I liked it very much, and look forward to whatever van den Berg does next.

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You Got to Know When to Fold ‘Em

A month after first crossing swords, Random House and the Andrew Wylie-Amazon.com coalition have settled as privately as their initial conflict was public. On Tuesday the Wylie Agency and Random House CEO Markus Dohle issued a joint statement that they had resolved their differences, and that Amazon would start pulling Odyssey Editions eBooks. Out of the original 20, the 13 titles originally published by Random House will revert to its ownership and will eventually be distributed in nonexclusive fashion, as the publisher sees fit.

This truce raises just as many questions as it answers, though. Royalty issues still remain to be resolved, as is ownership of the actual electronic files. But mostly you have to wonder: Just what was going on here? Certainly there’s a chance Odyssey was trying to position itself as a competitor, but as Sarah Weinman points out in DailyFinance,

Even for 20 titles—or just seven, as the case may be now—being an e-publisher is not just about finding a company to do the dirty work of file formatting, then handing over exclusive rights to a retailer as the path of least resistance. To be successful requires a solid infrastructure that multitasks the concerns of authors, publishers, distributors and technology companies. Considering that it’s the offspring of a literary agency that represents 700 authors and employs far fewer personnel to handle those rights, Odyssey Editions smacks of a water-dipped toe, a publicity ploy, rather than a deep commitment to digital publishing.

If visible scuffles like these work toward forcing the players’ hands toward some kind of electronic rights standardization, then I suppose you have to defer to the gospel that progress is good—even if that’s an awfully clunky way of pushing issues. And obviously Wylie has every right to try and set itself up favorably for that future. There’s nothing like helping write history to assure your place in it, somewhere or other. At the very least this ought to bring up some questions that need asking, and keep all the behind-the-scenes conspiracy theorists happy for a while. In the meantime, I’m waiting to see how the publishers of those other seven backlist titles choose to handle this.

(Painting is Cassius Marcellus Coolidge’s A Bold Bluff.)

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Pocket Review: The Sound of a Wild Snail Eating by Elisabeth Tova Bailey

The Sound of a Wild Snail Eating
Elisabeth Tova Bailey
Algonquin Books, 2010

Emerson’s “holiness of all living things” is put to the ultimate test in Elisabeth Tova Bailey’s slim, evocative new book The Sound of a Wild Snail Eating, because when the author finds herself bedridden for a stretch, she doesn’t adopt a sedentary basset hound or even a turtle: She takes in a woodland snail, surely a creature most non-mollusc fans would hardly associate with abundant personality.

Tova Bailey spends recumbent hours watching her new companion as it (the ‘it’ is not the standard impersonal usage here—it turns out snails are hermaphrodites) explores its new surroundings and settles into new routines of eating and sleeping and tentacle-waving. So still has her illness made her that she can even hear the sound in the book’s title: a snail almost inaudibly munching on the decayed vegetable matter it prefers to eat.

There’s quite a bit of fascination in the odd pet-relationship that grows between the two, and it’s that strange bridging that virtually guarantees this book its immortality alongside such classics as Born Free, That Quail, Robert and Rascal. The book is characterized by some fine, slyly playful prose:

Three and a half billion years ago, when life on earth began, the snail and I shared some common ancestor, some kind of simple worm that over time evolved into two animal groups. The protostomes, which in the embryonic stage develop a mouth first and then an anus, branched off into gastropods and the species of snail at my side. And the deuterostomes, which develop the same characteristics, though somewhat embarrassingly in reverse order, branched off into mammals, including Homo sapiens.

There’s also a good deal of artifice here, and that may be off-putting for some readers. It’s fairly obvious that Tova Bailey’s illness itself is a figment of her imagination (tip #1: If a person talks about their illness being in any way socially redemptive—in Tova Bailey’s case, “sacred”—there is absolutely nothing physically wrong with that person), and when she “recovers” enough to read all the mollusc books that fill her bibliography, the reader may feel practiced upon. And Emerson’s holiness is never pushed: Our author freely admits she loathes simple slugs, which are all but identical to snails except aesthetically.

But such conceits are a staple of the genre, and they’re seldom put to such graceful use as they are here. This is a quietly instructive and altogether memorable little book—after reading it, you’ll want to go outside after a rainstorm, find the nearest snail, and simply watch it live for a while. And that’s always a worthwhile thing to do.

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New Yorker fiction (Jul 26) – “The Dredgeman’s Revelation”

In the primeval and spongy ecosystem of wetlands, the precise boundary between earth and water is mired in mystery, obscured in muck — and it’s in that place where acclaimed author Karen Russell steps up to share her love of all things swampen. She reveals in a conversation at BookBrowse:

A lot of my protagonists are stuck between worlds, I think, coming alive to certain adult truths but lacking the perspective to make sense of them. There’s something about that blend of adult knowingness and innocence that I find incredibly compelling.

With quiet competence and vivid imagery, she adeptly conjures up the young life of Louis Thanksgiving from his orphaned beginning in New York City through a “bruised and illiterate” childhood on an Iowa farm to his eventual arrival deep in the heart of a vast Southern swamp where he eagerly takes to the hard labor of dredging canals:

Florida, in those days, was a very odd place: a peninsula where the sky itself rode overland like a blue locomotive, clouds chuffing across marshes; where orange trees and orderly rows of vegetables gave way to deep woods and then, farther south, broke into an endless acreage of ten-foot grass. This, finally, was the vision that reached Louis through the boxcar door: a prairie that looked as vast as the African savanna.

In an interview for the New Yorker “20 Under 40″ series, Russell explains that “this little story within the story opened up. I wanted to try a sort of fantastical-historical story—Hitchcock meets the swamp.”

Enlivened, then, by the primitive symbolic power of birds, the theme of passage between various places (water and earth, adolescence and adulthood, life and death) continues right up to the last moment of the story. Does it conclude in horror? In dawning awareness? With ache over the absence of equanimity?
____________________

Miami native Karen Russell is the author of a highly praised ten-story collection, St. Lucy’s Home for Girls Raised by Wolves. Her debut novel, Swamplandia!, also set in the Florida Everglades, will be published in February 2011.

(“Bird of Prey” from Welshdan / cc by-nc-nd)

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